I feel reinforced, as he picked up on the same key elements of Gillmor's post mortem that I did. And they bear repeating in Tim's nutshell form, so I'll quote it here. Also, it is worthwhile to repeat what Tim's commenter, Dan Conover, adds to the discussion. That, I think, is the best part.
Link: First Draft by Tim Porter: Citizen Journalism: Making New Mistakes.
[...]
I don't think it's wise to draw any deep conclusions about the future of citizen journalism or grassroots media - and there is a difference -- from Bayosphere's short-lived existence. We are very early into the we-media cycle. The technology is still developing, the user curve is still rising and there hasn't yet emerged a large-scale viable business model based on media creation (vs. selling the tools).
That said, I see three principles from the Bayosphere experience that are key for newspapers and other entities that hope to use citizen journalism as part or all of their business:
Community can't be forced.
Focus is foremost.
Personality is a plus.
Community can't be forced. Dan alluded to this when he said, "Tools matter, but they're no substitute for community building." I would amend this to say, "Tools matter because they allow people to build communities."
[...]
There are many others who have thought more deeply than I about virtual communities (start with Howard Rheingold), but I think it's fair to say (and please correct me if I'm off base) that most successful online communities thrive because their users feed, nuture and police them, not because they were built by an entrepreneur or incumbent media company.
I have been using Flickr as a recent example. The site now contains more than 70 million photos uploaded by users, who sort the images by tags, rate them as favorites, and share them with friends and family. Within this vast digital warehouse, hundreds and hundreds of communities have formed, groups devoted to locations (California), pets (cats) or objects (doors). Flickr provided the tools, invited members of the digital camera revolution and got out of the way.
HEAR HEAR!
[...]
One of the differences between "forced community" sites like Your Hub and Flickr is well articulated by Robert Niles, editor of the Online Journalism Review, in a comment on Grubisich's piece:
"With online journalism, the less you structure your grassroots initiative like a workplace newsroom, and the more you structure it like a social community, the more successful your initiative will be."
[...]
In his post, Dan Gillmor said that "citizen journalism is, in a significant way, about owning your own words." True. It is also about communities telling their own stories. Newspapers must now decide if they want to be a part of those communities.
Posted by Tim Porter at January 25, 2006 10:03 AM
CommentsNow that I'm advising an actual newspaper on these topics, one of the most important things I tell people is that they simply cannot look at these new forms as traditional business ventures to be planned, staffed, marketed and "launched." You cannot "launch" a community. You can serve one, tend one, nurture one, grow it, but you cannot launch one.
Nor can you control one. A community you control is a plantation. God knows we have enough of those.
Posted by: dan conover on January 26, 2006 07:05 AM
What Dan says is something I've been meditating on since working on my dissertation, and I think it is just essential. From the very beginning, tech wonks got excited about building tools and platforms, but they neglected to pay attention to what happens at the place where community or cyberculture meets interface, where the rubber meets the road, or more importantly still, how cultures construct interfaces.
I remember when I was just beginning my dissertation research into the Xenaverse, and I happened to be hanging around in the MIT Media Lab with one of my friends, picking the brains of the grad students around there. At a party I was telling one guy a little bit about my project, and he loved it, but he kept coming back to this one point... what kind of an interface or a platform could you build for those people?
And I was so frustrated in trying to explain to him that the community or culture was organically constructing its own interfaces, its own virtual landscape, and peopling it, enacting it, authoring it, cross-linking it. True, the Xenaverse didn't have blog tools, but especially when it came to fan fiction, some of the best fan fiction index sites made powerful use of database tools, interaction design principles, and other organic elements of self-organizing sites (ratings, reviews, comments). Not to mention the extensive beta-reader network that grew up around the different groups of fan writers, essentially writing workshops.
Then the tail end of the 1990s came along, with all that top-down, VC-driven frenzy of force-feeding audiences and force-feeding cultures, with no magnetic draw, no reason for surfers to return for enriched experiences and repeat visits. But they WERE doing that in the Xenaverse, to the tune of millions of hits on the top sites, or crashing servers when new story installments were posted. All those top-down people could not force what the Xenaverse and other vital online communities like it created AND AUTHORED organically.
That is why I had to laugh a bit when Jason Calacanis came charging into the blog movement like he was going to own it (OK, so he did get a $25M deal out of it, but there are suckers born every minute). He came in thinking money and top down, and maybe he succeeded and maybe he didn't. It depends on how you measure success. I look at it in terms of the vitality and longevity of a community or cyberculture. The blog movement is/was a wonderful revenge against those top-down skim-meisters. Calacanis may have skimmed his piece off the top of the blog movement, but he still doesn't have a handle on what bottom-up grassroots really is, and it can't be faked, manufactured, freeped, stapled, mutilated, or folded.
I'm not saying it's the be-all and end-all, or even that it will last forever, any more than the Xenaverse in its heyday did. But it does posit the impossibly simplistic dichotomy of central control vs organic distribution. And that is worth thinking about for a while.
And for a lot of people, most of that thinking entails ways to take control of that which cannot be controlled and still remain what it essentially is, fencing the wild west, making walled gardens, creating bridges and installing oneself as a Troll to charge a toll to the Billy Goats Gruff, creating artificial choke points of power, until the network routes around them.
Wouldn't it be interesting if the people thinking so hard about ways to control the herd of wild horses were instead devoting all that energy to how to foster more herds?
- Control model of power= value through scarcity.
- Distributed model of power = value through circulation.
Always, there are those who are thinking intensely about ways to harvest value from an enterprise. What is interesting to me is to observe the different routes through which they attempt to get it.